The Impact of Westward Expansion during Jefferson's Presidency on Essay

The Impact of Westward Expansion during Jefferson's Presidency on Native Americans, African Americans, and on American - Essay Example The greatest achievement of Jefferson in his first term as president was the purchase of the Louisiana Territory in 1803 from France. The Louisiana Purchase was one of the leading land deals in history. The United States paid approximately $ 15 million dollars in 1803 for over 828, 000 square miles of land2. This act served as the main achievement in the period of Jefferson’s presidency (The Jefferson Monticello 6). The westward expansion of the land had several impacts on the Native Americans, the African Americans and the Americans as a whole. The Louisiana Purchase Thomas Jefferson purchased a large piece land from France that was referred to as the Louisiana Purchase. The land consisted of Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Nebraska, some parts of Minnesota to the south of Mississippi River, sections of Montana, Northern Texas, Kansas, Wyoming, and Louisiana on the either sides of River Mississippi as well as the city of New Orleans. There are several areas that are also in cluded in the land Purchase. Before Jefferson purchased the land, United States had only thirteen states. The purchase of this piece of land almost doubled the size of the United States. There are various reasons why President Jefferson purchased land. The main reason was because the New Orleans was the main port for trade. The port was mainly used to store the export items and was also used for importing the goods coming from the other countries. However, the nation was under a constant threat of having the port taken away for trading purposes. For that reason therefore, President Jefferson thought that it would be wise and best for the country if he purchased it3. The plans of President Jefferson depended on the western expansion and access to the markets for the American products, especially the farm products. Due to the expansion, the new American settlements on the west of the Appalachian Mountain mainly depended on river transport in order to get their goods to the market beca use the overland trade to the east was very costly and impractical (The Jefferson Monticello 4). The impacts of westward expansion Baldwin asserts that even though the westward expansion was of vital importance, it also affected the Native Americans, African Americans, and the entire American society differently (41). America did not have New Orleans in 1800 which acted as the major factor to the economy of Mississippi valley as a whole. Most parts of North America were controlled by the European powers, Spain, France, England and Russia4. Another reason why Jefferson agreed with the Napoleon’s offer of selling Louisiana was to ensure that the United States of America dominated power in the northern part of the continent. The expansion had several impacts on the people. For instance, it caused difficulties in transportation, lowered economic level, increased racism and in the process; wars took place leading to destruction of property and loss of life. All individuals includi ng the Native Americans, the African Americans and the American society as a whole experienced the impacts of the expansion. In general, all Americans were affected during the westward expansion. The effects of the westward expansion on Native Americans The Native Americans experienced various impacts due to westward expansion. For instance, social instability as most parents could not control their children because they thought they were big enough to be independent. They therefore left their families

Listening report: Symphony No. 89 in F major

Listening report: Symphony No. 89 in F major I thought about few of the many song I know to write a report on, but I was not sure what which song was a right one. All the songs I know are short and do not last longer than fifteen minutes. So I decided to choose a symphony from Franz Joseph Haydn because he has composed over a hundred symphonies and he is known as the â€Å"Father of Symphony†. Symphony number 89 would was a random but great choice I made to write my listening report on, because I was simply born in the year 89. My report is base on all four movements of Symphony No. 89 in F Major. The entire symphony is about nineteen minutes long and remains peaceful and pleasing in all four movements. The first movement of Symphony No. 89 in F major starts with a vivace tempo meaning playing lively and fast. In fact forte staccato chords are played followed a piano melody. For me these melodies sound very peaceful and enjoyable. Just the start of this music piece, I can simply imagine this symphony being played and people dancing on a 1800s high social class celebration. In fact, I think is the mixed of high (treble clef) keys being played throughout entire movement makes the whole movement sound pleasing and a perfect combination for a symphony and to use it as a recording for any (high loyalty social class) special occasion or event. At approximately 3 minutes and 16 seconds of the movement, the theme starts to change, and I was able to hear the drum(s) played rapidly for a couple of seconds with other instruments. This change in melody is so great to hear because of the vibrations the instruments make. This approach introduces the new theme and makes the theme sound quieter tha n the first theme. Later on recapitulation, the music stays in tonic, but the themes are being developed. The music near the end makes the movement end with mystery music in which instruments are vibrating on certain times. Movement two of Symphony No. 89 starts an andante tempo with â€Å"con moto† meaning with motion. I found out that this movement is in a siciliano style that is part of the Baroque period. The movement starts with a slow beats, and throughout the movement remains calm. This movement I characterized as being relaxing. Besides, at approximately 2 minutes and 48 seconds the melody builds into a rapid and vibrated sound. This sound change continues for two or three times and has an effect on the ending of this movement. The rest of this movement continues to be calm, smooth, and quiet, but with different types of keys. In fact, this effect The third movement of this Symphony is played with minuet tempo. The movement starts with a sound that sounds like birds singing (like they want food or something else) but with different tone and not with high (treble clef) keys. This movement also remains calm but with different melody and with greater percentage of being enjoyable and to be dance on a special event. Besides, this movement is played with the wind band alone and is followed by a solo flute during the trio. The flute makes the rest of the movement to be pleasant with whole movement music to be effective in the way that music sounds with a humorous and amusing ending. Last but not least, the fourth movement is a total impressive finale. It is a concerto that has been extended to a rondo (in the ABACA form) plus an extended coda for this symphony. This movement was written to in a vivacetempo with assaimeaning quite fast. In fact, the sound or music for this movement is also calm and quietly but with speed. The whole movement has effective dynamics that makes the music remain continues throughout the end of the movement, and with constant keys that are used to show how the music can still have an impressive and extraordinary ending. In summary, all four movements have a peaceful and quiet sound that makes Symphony No. 89 to be calm and effective but with special particular keys. It is the use of F major keys that makes the music to have high (treble clef) keys, powerful and significant melodies as well as harmonious dynamics. I personally think Haydn Symphony No. 89 is one of the best symphonies I have heard. Is obvious that this symphony is nothing compared to Beethovens symphony no. 5. I think this symphony is somewhat opposite to Beethovens Symphony No. 5. Unlike any other symphony there is, this symphony creates a peaceful environment full with stimulating melodies and tone. All four movements were great to hear, and I think I would tried to listen to this symphony again whenever I can, especially, when I need to tranquilly go to sleep/rest for a pleasurable, and satisfying dream. Family Structure and Labour Market Comparison: UK and China Family Structure and Labour Market Comparison: UK and China China and the UK are the important developing and developed country respectively. However, China has 9.6 million square kilometres of land area and the world’s biggest population, which is very different from the UK. Therefore, in terms of demography, there are many differences between the two countries. In this essay, the similarities and differences of family structure and labour market will be compared and evaluated between China and the UK. First of all, this essay will focus on the similarities between the family structure and the labour market, then analyze their differences, before suggest reasons and consequences for them. When it comes to family structure, there are two similarities between China and the UK. The first similarity is that both China and Britain’s birth rates are below the world average. According to Central Intelligence Agency (2014) China’s birth rate is 12.17†° and the UK’s is 12.22†° while the world average is 18.7†°. Another similarity is that, in terms of divorce, infidelity is the second main reason for divorce both in China and the UK. The Daily Post (2005) reveals that â€Å" the next biggest factor was infidelity, an issue for 30% of the 546 divorcees in the YouGov poll†, while Chen weihua (2006) also reports about divorce in China, which points out that 27% divorce because of infidelity and it just follows the reason of incompatibility. However, there are also two differences between China and the UK. First of all, the number of dependent children in family is different, and the UK’s tends to be bigger than China’s. According to the Office for National Statistics (2013, p.3), the UK’s average number of dependent children per family is 1.7 in 2012. In contrast to this, according to the police of family planning in China, a couple can have 1.5 children on average in the mainland. As the fact that not everyone prefers to have a child or is able to have one, the actual number is lower than that. It is easy to be discovered that China’s families have fewer children than the UK’s. The second difference is that Chinese family size is bigger than the UK’s. The ONS (2013) released that in 2013 the UK’s family size was 2.4 people per household on average. With regard to China, the number was 3.02 (The National Health and Family Planning Council, 2014). The causes of above distinctions can be divided into three aspects. To begin with, different cultures contribute to these distinctions. British aspire to independence and freedom. However, Chinese family prefer to live together. The second reason is the one-child police in China, which results in a sharp decrease in the number of children. The fact is supported by Guo (2014, cited in Howden Zhou, 2014, p.354) and Lu (2013, cited in Howden Zhou, 2014, p.354), who estimated that â€Å"the 1CP prevented 400 million births between 1979 and 2009, almost 25 per cent of China’s present population.† Finally, different pension modes impact on the family structure of China and the UK. As British social security system is very sound, the elderly need not to live with their children to contain the living standards. Conversely, Chinese elderly people are supported by families. It limits the independence of the elderly and brings pressure on young couples, which in turn make them t end to have fewer children to reduce this stress. There comes to be some consequences of these differences. First of all, the decrease in the number of children helps to promote the position of Chinese women. Gender plays a significant role in traditional Chinese family structure, as the male have more discourse power in the family. However, Fong (2002, cited in Feng et al., 2014, p.21) indicates that the circumstance transforms when the only child is a daughter. There is no other choice for only-daughter Chinese families and they have to cultivate the only daughters the same as sons, which makes a contribution to equality between sexes in both personal development and marital relations. On the other hand, it also brings drawbacks. Only children are usually spoiled, unlike the UK’s families, most Chinese families will meet all the requirements of the only child. As a consequence, only children often behave selfish and lack of self-care ability, which is very harmful to their long-term development. Lastly, Chinese are easy to worry about the future, whereas British need not to think much about the old age. Chinese face to strong pressure of life and have to work hard to improve their living standards, Having considered family structure, now I will move on to labour market. In aspect of labour market, the similarities come to be two. Firstly, in China and Britain, personal income tax additional rates are the same. According to GOV.UK (2014), the income tax additional rate is 45% from 6 April 2014 to 5 April 2015. Although China and the UK’s personal income tax thresholds are different, both of their additional rates are 45%. Furthermore, the second similarity is approximate social security rates for employees. In China it is 11% while in the UK it comes to be 12%, which is very close to China’s. In addition to the similarities, there are two differences. Initially, China has a bigger labour force population than the UK. According to Casale and Zhu (2013), at the beginning of 2012, China had 764 million population in employment. With regard to the UK, the number of employment was 30.79 million (ONS,2014). Another difference is protection for workers. There is little workers’ hurt in the UK, whereas China has many reports about hurt and injustice for workers. For example, since January 23, 2010 to November 5, 2010, Foxconn, the worlds biggest contract electronics supplier, had occurred 14 suicide incidents, which shocked the whole China, and some media outlets said that pressure was to blame. Two reasons for these differences will be analysed. The main reasons for these distinctions are due to the different population and socio-economic development status. Initially, one of the main reasons is different population. The total population of Chinese mainland was about 1.34 billion, whereas the UK’s population was 64.1 million (ONS, 2014). Enormous population disparities lead to a huge difference in labor market scales between the two countries. A further reason comes to be different social and economic development status. The UK is a mature developed country whereas China is a developing country with many aspects imperfect. Economic profits are focused on while workers’ rights, which should be taken into consideration, are ignored. These differences in labour market also bring three different influences on people’s lives in the two countries. One of the effects is the different labour cost. China’s labour cost is obviously lower than the UK’s. British are reluctant to do physical labour. For example, in China, if a customer buy the floor, the shop usually is responsible for free installation, when it comes to the UK, the installation fees may be more expensive than the floor itself. Another influence on employees is working hours. Chinese people tend to work for longer time than British, as supported by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (2013), who resealed that Chinese worked 2209 hours per year on average in 2009, while in the same year the British annual working time was 1651 hours. The fierce competition makes Chinese work hard under great stress. The last impact is gender discrimination and it becomes a problem in China that female candidates are treated unfairly. As recruiters have bigger options, if they can choose a man, they will not select a woman, because women may need maternity leave in the future. In this essay, the similarities and differences of family structure and labour market are indicated between China and the UK. These differences are caused by many aspects, which vary in societies, economy, culture and laws. By analyzing these differences, some disadvantages in China’s development have been discovered. In terms of one- child police and labour protected, much work should be done to reduce the negative effects and protect the interests of vulnerable groups.

Fine Arts and Technology :: Education Technological Classroom Essays

Fine Arts and Technology My high school’s motto was â€Å"Excellence through diversity† which always meant to me many different views and ideas coming together to achieve something great. My school had this motto because it was the â€Å"melting pot† of the county. A large majority of Special Ed and ESOL students traveled far to attend our school. These days diversity is more than just the different cultures and backgrounds the students have attending. The curriculum itself as-well-as the methods to teach it with are becoming more diverse. What really is becoming a huge staple in schools these days is technology. Computers for example our getting their feet through the door of every subject in every school across the board and are making a huge impact on the way we look at things. Mass media classes are now available at most schools (including K-12) which only years ago were only found in specialty schools. Fine Arts and Technology are two subjects that have collided together to build majors and requirements at many universities and institutes across the nation. It borders all kind or areas including digital art and cameras to business classes and marketing. Artists are still using the same methods found years ago only they have bettered the process to do so. The only negative issue shadowing such a concept is funding for the technology. The schools and universities have to get the money to spend it on the instruments needed in the classrooms. Some schools need as much as new facilities to be able to incorporate such extravagant ideas. To further indulge in the concept one must ask what other ways are there to get the proper technology into (and outside) the classrooms and how can this be achieved? This essay will provide commentary on technology and its impact in the arts. The purpose of this research paper is to investigate how funding for technology in the Fine Arts programs can impact students’ opportunities to learn and create. I chose this topic because it hits so close to home. As an art major I see the potential in combining the two courses to form one. I also understand the importance of funding to help make all of this possible. Towson University is a great example of how funding can help or make a significant impact on the students.

Boy Bawang

Concepts of State and Government State – is a community of persons more or less numerous permanently occupying a definite portion of territory and a government. Elements of State 1. People – this refers to the mass of population living within the state. 2. Territory – it includes not only the land over which the jurisdiction of the state extends; but also the rivers and lakes therein. 116 square miles or 300,440 square kilometers 3. Government – it refers to the agency through which the will of the state is formulated expressed and carried out. 4.Sovereignty – the term may be defined as the supreme power of the state to command and enforce obedience to its will from people within its jurisdiction. a) Internal – or the power of the state to rule within its territory b) External – or the freedom of the state to carry out its activities without subjection to or control by other states. Origin of state theories 1. Divine Right Theory †“ it holds that the state is of divine creation and the ruler is ordained by god to govern the people. 2. Necessity or Force Theory – it maintains that state must have been created through force. . Paternalistic Policy – it attributes the origin of states to the enlargement of the family which remained under the authority of the father or mother. 4. Social Contract Theory – it asserts that the early states must have been formed by deliberate and voluntary compact among the people to form society and organize government for their common good. Forms of Government a) Monarchy – or one in which the supreme and final authority is in the hands of a single person without regard to the source of this election or the nature or duration of his tenure.Monarchies are further classified into 1. Absolute monarchy – or one in which the ruler rules by divine right 2. Limited Monarchy – or one in which the ruler rules in accordance with a constitution. b) Aristocracy – or one in which political power is exercised by a few privileged class which is known as an aristocracy or oligarchy. c) Democracy – or one in which political power exercised by a majority of the people. Democratic governments is further classified into; 1. Direct or pure democracy – or one which the will of the state is ormulated or expressed directly and immediately through the people in a mass meeting. 2. Indirect Representative – or republican democracy or one in which the will of the state is formulated. As to extent of powers exercised by the central or national government a) Unitary Government – or one in which the control of national and local affairs is exercised b) Federal Government – – or one in which the powers of government are divided between two sets of organs, one for national affairs and the other for local affairs.Relationship between the executive and the legislative branches of the government a) Parl iamentary Government – or one in which the state confers upon the legislature the power to terminate the tenure of office of the real executive. b) Presidential Government – or one in which the state makes the executive constitutionally independent of the legislature. Other forms of Government a) Civil Government – one in which the affairs of the state are administrated and directed by the citizens or their representatives. ) Military Government – established and administered by a belligerent in the territory c) Constitutional Government – one in which the powers of those who rule are defined and limited in their exercised d) Despotic Government – one in which the powers of those who rule are not defined and limited in their exercised by a constitution e) Elective Government – one in which the state confers powers upon a person, or organization composed of persons chosen by qualified voters f) Hereditary Government – the state confers the powers of government upon a person in a certain family g) Coordinate Government – government according to their nature among separate departments or bodies. h) Consolidated Government – the state confides all government powers to a single body i) De jure Government – founded on existing constitutional laws of the state and has the general support of the people j) De facto Government – existing constitutional law of the state and is maintained against the rightful authority of an established and lawful government. ) Revolutionary Government – installed whether by force or otherwise, not in accordance with the procedure prescribed in an existing constitution. Source of Constitution authority 1. The Filipino People 2. A Sovereign People 3. Belief in God Article 1 – National Territory The Terrestial, Fluvial and Aerial domains of the Philippines 1. The territorial sea – it is that part of the sea extending 12 nautical miles (1 19 kms. ) from the low-water mark. 2. The sea bed – this refers to the land that holds the sea, lying beyond the seashore, including mineral and natural resources. 3. The sub-oil – this includes everything beneath the surface soil – including mineral and natural resources. 4.Insular shelves – they are the submerged portions of a continent or offshore island. 5. Other submarine areas – they refer to all areas under the territorial sea. Three fold division of navigable waters 1. Inland or internal waters – they are the parts of the sea within the land territory. 2. Territorial sea – it is belt of water outside and parallel to the coastline or to the outer limits of the inland or internal waters. 3. High or open seas – they are waters that lie seaward of the territorial sea. Article 2 – Declaration of principles and state policies Republican government – is a democratic government by representatives chosen by the peo ple at large Sovereignty – implies the supreme authority to govern.

All Quiet on the Western Front Literary Devices essay Essay

The earth, as in the soil beneath our feet, is taken for granted every single day, but never by a soldier on the front lines. Erich Maria Remarque explains this through his character Paul Bà ¤umer in the excerpt of his novel All Quiet on the Western Front. Paul is explaining the effects that war on the front can leave with a soldier, the hopelessness, instinct of an animal, and appreciation for things as simple as the earth that we walk on. While explaining these effects Remarque uses literary and rhetorical devices.Portraying Paul’s sense of being helpless and trapped as an effect of being on the battle front, Remarque uses various literary devices to describe Paul’s feelings. The narrator Paul states, â€Å"To me the front is a mysterious whirlpool† a â€Å"vortex sucking me†¦into itself.† This extended metaphor expresses the hopelessness that the war leaves with soldier. The vortex symbolizes the loss of optimism in the weary soldiers and how it is â€Å"irresistibly† and â€Å"inescapably† happening. This paragraph of the passage could also be an example of how Remarque uses parallelism to tell of the effects.The front not only causes the soldiers to gain a muffled mind, but to also gain gratitude. While explaining the appreciation they get when fighting to survive at the front, Remarque uses different types of imagery to express their deep feeling towards the ground. â€Å"To no man doe the earth mean so much as to a soldier†. He personifies the earth by calling it â€Å"her† and creates an image of the earth as a mother figure, protecting and sheltering the soldiers. Then, later in the passage, Remarque writes as if Paul is praising the ground as a God, saying that it has â€Å"redeemed them† and â€Å"granted the soldiers a new life†. This can be taken as a dose overboard, however, this image the soldiers have devised of the earth in their mind, â€Å"she† has saved them, physically and religiously. Concluding the effects that Remarque characterizes in this portion of the novel, He describes the sudden takeover of animalistic instinct while in battle. This instinct is the difference between life and death. Paul tells that a man will find himself on the ground, right at the moment that a shell flies over him. Yet he cannot remember if he had heard it or what had happened â€Å"one cannot explain it.† This is the instinct that appears when your mind has departed â€Å"It is this other, this second sight in us.† Paul claims that this is what saves them. A literary device used near the end was when Paul says â€Å"†¦there would not be one man alive from Flanders to the Vosges.† This is a hyperbole, because it is an exaggeration. Remarque continues the idea of animal instinct using an oxymoron: the soldiers come to the front and â€Å"become on the instant human animals.† He suggests that these soldiers retain the shape of humanity but have developed animal-like qualities in order to survive. This is a tragic consequence of war- the loss of humanity and civility. In the end Paul learns that he will never be the same. The profound transformations that he has endured during while being at the front have scared him beyond repair. This amplifies the hopelessness they feel, because if they do not die physically they will die emotionally. Remarque uses literary devices throughout the passage to emphasize to affect how the text is read. He uses personification multiple times throughout the paragraphs. When speaking of the soldier’s appreciation of the earth, Remarque personifies the earth and they develop strong feelings towards it. â€Å"O Earth, thou grantest us the great resisting surge of new-won life.† The overall message of the expert is the affect of the war on a soldiers mind. He will do anything to survive, he will find new recognition, and he will even give up all of his faith.